Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood cells in the body. Blood cells begin to grow and multiply abnormally in the bone marrow, leading to crowding out of healthy cells. These cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body, such as the blood, lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. Below we explain the symptoms and causes of leukemia.
Symptoms of leukemia
Leukemia is a group of diseases in which blood cells grow and multiply abnormally. There are many types of leukemia, including acute, chronic, and lymphocytic leukemia.
You must pay attention to the symptoms of leukemia to detect leukemia early, and these symptoms come as follows:
- Feeling constantly tired and exhausted.
- Unexplained weight loss.
- High temperature with night sweats.
- Bleeding or bruising.
- Recurring infections or difficulty recovering.
- Paleness of the face and pale skin.
- Enlargement of the spleen or liver.
- Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck or armpits.
- Bone or joint pain.
- صداع.
- Anorexia.
- For women, one of the symptoms of leukemia is the possibility of longer and more frequent menstrual cycles.
Symptoms of leukemia on the skin
In addition to the previous symptoms, there are a number of symptoms that can appear on the skin, and these symptoms come as follows:
- The appearance of freckles on the skin, with spots on the skin, whether red or brown.
- تقرحات في الفم.
- Swelling in the gums.
- Pale skin and changes in skin color.
- Skin infections.
- Nail infections.
- Lumps appear under the skin.
Don't ignore early symptoms — early diagnosis can save a life. Oncology center
أنواع سرطان الدم
There are four main types of سرطان الدم:
- Acute leukemia, which mainly affects children, but can also affect adults, grows quickly and requires immediate treatment.
- Chronic leukemia, which primarily affects adults, grows slowly and no symptoms may appear for years.
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia affects children, but it can also affect adults. It grows quickly and requires immediate treatment.
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia affects adults. It grows slowly and does not show any symptoms for years.
Causes of leukemia
Kit available أسباب Possible occurrence of leukemia, including:
- Having a family history of leukemia increases the risk of developing it.
- Exposure to medical radiation increases the risk of some types of leukemia.
- Exposure to certain chemicals, such as benzene and pesticides, may contribute to the development of leukemia.
- Having some immune or rheumatic diseases may increase the risk of developing some types of leukemia.
- Also, environmental and lifestyle factors may contribute to the emergence of leukemia.
There are a number of risk factors that increase the chances of developing leukemia, which are:
- التدخين.
- Exposure to benzene or cigarettes.
- Exposure to high levels of radiation.
- Use of some chemotherapy drugs such as Etoposide and Alkylating Agents.
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Leukemia treatment
Treatment depends سرطان الدم Depending on the type of leukemia and the stage it has reached, the following are some common treatment methods for leukemia:
Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for most types of leukemia. It uses a group of chemical drugs to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or with other treatments.
Stem cell transplantation involves replacing cancer cells with healthy stem cells. It may be from the same person, meaning the transplant is autologous, or from another donor. It is usually used after chemotherapy.
Also, immunotherapies activate the immune system to fight cancer cells.
Radiation therapy, which is used to treat cancerous clusters in the body, or as a preparatory treatment before stem cell transplantation.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy aims to eliminate cancer cells in the blood and bone marrow, create a state of stagnation and control the disease, and also aims to prepare for other treatments such as bone marrow transplantation.
The types of chemotherapy used vary, including standard treatments that include a group of chemotherapy drugs, targeted treatments that target specific ways in which cancer cells grow, and modern treatments such as immunotherapy and genetic therapies.
Chemotherapy is given:
- Intravenous injection
- الحقن تحت الجلد
- الحقن في السائل النخاعي
Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weakness, low blood cell counts, hair loss, and infections.
Diagnosis of leukemia
When you visit the hospital to diagnose leukemia, the doctor will ask you to undergo a number of different examinations and tests. These examinations include a physical examination, a complete blood count, a blood cell examination, a bone marrow biopsy, an X-ray examination, and a spinal fluid sample test.
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of leukemia, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve the chances of recovery, and by your choice. Al Mousa Health Hospital You guarantee advanced services and treatments for leukemia patients with a large group of medical teams specialized in hematological oncology.
